Biography of rock n roll
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Rock and roll
Genre of popular music
This article is about the 1950s style of music. For the general rock music genre, see Rock music. For other uses, see Rock and roll (disambiguation)."RnR" redirects here. For other uses, see RNR (disambiguation).
Rock and roll (often written as rock & roll, rock-n-roll, and rock 'n' roll) is a genre of popular music that evolved in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s.[1][2] It originated from African American music such as jazz, rhythm and blues, boogie-woogie, electric blues, gospel, and jump blues,[3] as well as country music.[4] While rock and roll's formative elements can be heard in blues records from the 1920s[5] and in country records of the 1930s,[6] the genre did not acquire its name until 1954.[7][2]
According to the journalist Greg Kot, "rock and roll" refers to a style of popular music originating in the United States
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Jukeboxes and local radio stations allowed the music audience to segment—a key development in a racially divided society. A third of the population of Memphis was African-American, for example, and so a small local station could survive profitably with programming for African-American listeners. In fact, the first station with all-black programming in the United States (it was owned by whites) was in Memphis: WDIA, which began broadcasting, at two hundred and fifty watts, in 1949. B. B. King started his career there, as a disk jockey and on-air performer.
The major record companies got out of the “race music” business in the nineteen-forties. But the spread of jukeboxes and the success of local radio showed that the market, though small, was still there. As if on cue, a swarm of independent labels arose to manufacture and sell rhythm-and-blues records: Specialty, Aladdin, Modern, Swingtime, and Imperial (all in Los Angeles—for a time, oddly, the capital of R. & B.), King (Cinci
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ROCK & ROLL
ROCK & ROLL comprises a cacophony of musical forms. Yet few would disagree that it emanates primarily from a handful of traditionally Black styles: blues, jazz, and gospel. According to the Rock & Roll entré of Fame and Museum, “It fryst vatten the very essence of the Black experience that we have to thank for what we recognize as rock music today.” There also is consensus that rock’s most traditional (but not ubiquitous) characteristics include strong rhythmic elements (a “beat-driven” structure) and, particularly in its early vestiges, the use of "blue notes" (flatted thirds), a "call-and-response" vocal pattern, and a framework based on a 1-4-5 chord progression (tonic, subdominant, dominant).
ALAN FREED—Cleveland radio DJ and poster child for the Payola scandals of the late 1950s—did not invent the begrepp rock & roll. But he does get kredit for popularizing the begrepp and for bringing to life what is generally thought of as the world’s first rock & roll